JDBC小结
package com.example.demo;import ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j // lombok
@Order(value = 2)
public class DemoApplication implements CommandLineRunner {@Autowired // 先根据类型查找,再根据名称查找private DataSource dataSource;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);}/*** CommandLineRunner接口的run方法会在Spring Beans都初始化之后,* SpringApplication.run() 之前执行,适合应用程序启动之初的数据初始化工作。* 也可以用ApplicationRunner接口,只是run方法的参数是ApplicationArguments对象* 可以用@Order(value = 1)指定执行顺序*/@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {showConnection();}private void showConnection() throws SQLException {log.info("====================================================");log.info(dataSource.toString());Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();log.info("====================================================");log.info(conn.toString());conn.close();}
}
package com.example.SingleDataSource1;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
@Order(value = 1)
@Slf4j
public class AAA implements CommandLineRunner {public void run(String... args) {log.info("AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA");}
}
访问(安装JSON Viewer插件):
http://localhost:8080/actuator/beans
"dataSource": {"aliases": [],"scope": "singleton","type": "com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource","resource": "class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari.class]","dependencies": ["org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceConfiguration$Hikari","spring.datasource-org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties"]}
spring-boot-starter-actuator会引入spring-boot-starter。
spring-boot-starter会引入spring-boot-autoconfigure。
spring-boot-autoconfigure中的org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceConfiguration类会自动注入HikariDataSource。
如何添加修改数据源的配置
如何手动配置数据源
如何配置多个数据源
配置依赖
4.0.0 geektime.spring.data pure-spring-datasource-demo 1.0-SNAPSHOT 5.1.3.RELEASE org.springframework spring-context ${spring.version} com.h2database h2 RELEASE runtime org.apache.commons commons-dbcp2 RELEASE org.springframework spring-jdbc ${spring.version}
可以选择在配置文件中写bean
或者用java代码生成
package geektime.spring.data.datasourcedemo;import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSourceFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Properties;// 标识为配置类,相当于 ,用于创建多个bean,类本身也会作为bean
@Configuration
// 在SpringBoot启动类上加上@EnableTransactionManagement 开启事务的注解
// service包下的实现类中的方法上面加上@Transactional
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class DataSourceDemo {@Autowiredprivate DataSource dataSource;/* 配置数据源 */@Bean(destroyMethod = "close")public DataSource dataSource() throws Exception {Properties properties = new Properties();properties.setProperty("driverClassName", "org.h2.Driver");properties.setProperty("url", "jdbc:h2:mem:testdb");properties.setProperty("username", "sa");return BasicDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties);}/* 事务管理 */@Beanpublic PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() throws Exception {return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource());}public void showDataSource() throws SQLException {System.out.println(dataSource.toString());Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();System.out.println(conn.toString());conn.close();}public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {ApplicationContext applicationContext =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext*.xml");showBeans(applicationContext);dataSourceDemo(applicationContext);}private static void showBeans(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {System.out.println(Arrays.toString(applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames()));}private static void dataSourceDemo(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws SQLException {DataSourceDemo demo = applicationContext.getBean("dataSourceDemo", DataSourceDemo.class);demo.showDataSource();}
}
SpringBoot默认采⽤资源根⽬录下schema.sql⽂件进⾏创建表的初始化,使⽤data.sql进⾏插⼊初始化数据的⼯作。
data.sql:
INSERT INTO FOO (ID, BAR) VALUES (1, 'aaa');
INSERT INTO FOO (ID, BAR) VALUES (2, 'bbb');
schema.sql:
CREATE TABLE FOO (ID INT IDENTITY, BAR VARCHAR(64));
配置文件:
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:tested
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456spring.datasource.hikari.maximum-pool-size=5
spring.datasource.hikari.minimum-idle=5
spring.datasource.hikari.idleTimeout=600000
spring.datasource.hikari.connectionTimeout=30000
spring.datasource.hikari.maxLifetime=1800000#------初始化内嵌数据库(springboot不配置以下内容,也会自动加载以下配置)-------
spring.datasource.initialization-mode=always
# 指定Schema (DDL)脚本
spring.datasource.schema=classpath:schema.sql
# 指定Data (DML)脚本
spring.datasource.data=classpath:data.sql
# 指定schema要使用的Platform
spring.datasource.platform=h2# 是否启用h2控制台
spring.h2.console.enabled=true
# 配置h2控制台访问地址,http://localhost:8080/h2
spring.h2.console.path=/h2
package geektime.spring.data.datasourcedemo;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class DataSourceDemoApplication implements CommandLineRunner {@Autowiredprivate DataSource dataSource;@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DataSourceDemoApplication.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {showConnection();showData();}private void showConnection() throws SQLException {log.info(dataSource.toString());Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();log.info(conn.toString());conn.close();}private void showData() {List
(1)不同数据源的配置要分开(即使数据源之间有很多配置是相同的)
(2)告诉系统、对应的设施(事务,ORM)使用哪个DataSource
pom.xml
4.0.0 com.example DoubleDataSource1 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT 5.1.3.RELEASE org.springframework spring-context ${spring.version} org.springframework spring-jdbc ${spring.version} org.apache.commons commons-dbcp2 RELEASE com.h2database h2 RELEASE runtime
applicationContext.xml
package com.example.DoubleDataSource1;import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSourceFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Properties;@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class DoubleDataSource1Application {@Autowired@Qualifier("dataSource1") // 当多个bean类名冲突,名字无法判断时,根据指定的别名注入DataSource dataSource;@Bean(destroyMethod = "close")public DataSource dataSource1() throws Exception {Properties properties = new Properties();properties.setProperty("driverClassName", "org.h2.Driver");properties.setProperty("url", "jdbc:h2:mem:testdb1");properties.setProperty("username", "sa");return BasicDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties); // dbcp}@Bean(destroyMethod = "close")public DataSource dataSource2() throws Exception {Properties properties = new Properties();properties.setProperty("driverClassName", "org.h2.Driver");properties.setProperty("url", "jdbc:h2:mem:testdb2");properties.setProperty("username", "sa");return BasicDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(properties); // dbcp}@Beanpublic PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager1() throws Exception {return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource1());}@Beanpublic PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager2() throws Exception {return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource2());}public void showDataSource1() throws SQLException {System.out.println(dataSource1.toString());Connection conn = dataSource1.getConnection();System.out.println(conn.toString());conn.close();}public void showDataSource2() throws SQLException {System.out.println(dataSource2.toString());Connection conn = dataSource2.getConnection();System.out.println(conn.toString());conn.close();}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {ApplicationContext applicationContext =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext*.xml");showBeans(applicationContext);dataSourceDemo(applicationContext);}private static void showBeans(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {System.out.println(Arrays.toString(applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames()));}private static void dataSourceDemo(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws SQLException {DoubleDataSource1Application demo = applicationContext.getBean("doubleDataSource1Application", DoubleDataSource1Application.class);}
}
SpringBoot的自动配置多数都是针对只有一个DataSource的,所以我在课程中提了,要么给主要的DataSource Bean增加@Primary注解,要么就把几个自动配置类排除掉。
(1)配置@Primary类型的Bean(两个Bean有主次之分)
(2)排除Spring Boot的自动配置,通过spring-boot-autoconfigure手动构建数据源(没有主次之分)(与使用Sring手动配置相比优点是:参数写在properties里,同一套代码使用多个数据库连接池)
package com.example.DoubleDataSource2;import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariConfig;
import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;@SpringBootApplication(exclude = { DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class,DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.class,JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration.class})
@Slf4j
public class DoubleDataSource2Application implements CommandLineRunner {@AutowiredHikariDataSource fooDataSource;@AutowiredBasicDataSource barDataSource;@AutowiredRuoYiConfig ruoYiConfig;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DoubleDataSource2Application.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {showConnection();}public void showConnection() throws SQLException {log.info("============================================开始");log.info(fooDataSource.toString());log.info("poolname:" + fooDataSource.getPoolName());Connection conn1 = fooDataSource.getConnection();log.info(conn1.toString());conn1.close();log.info("============================================");log.info(barDataSource.toString());log.info("username:" + barDataSource.getUsername());Connection conn2 = barDataSource.getConnection();log.info(conn2.toString());conn2.close();log.info("============================================");log.info("" + ruoYiConfig.getName() + "," + ruoYiConfig.getVersion());log.info("============================================结束");}
}
package com.example.DoubleDataSource2;import com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;@Configuration
@Slf4j
public class DataSourceConfig {@Bean@ConfigurationProperties("foo.datasource")public DataSourceProperties fooDataSourceProperties() {return new DataSourceProperties();}@Bean@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.hikari")public HikariDataSource fooDataSource() {DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties = fooDataSourceProperties();return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().type(HikariDataSource.class).build();}@Bean@Resourcepublic PlatformTransactionManager fooTxManager(DataSource fooDataSource) {return new DataSourceTransactionManager(fooDataSource);}@Bean@Resourcepublic JdbcTemplate foojdbcTemplate(DataSource fooDataSource) {return new JdbcTemplate(fooDataSource);}@Bean@ConfigurationProperties("bar.datasource")public DataSourceProperties barDataSourceProperties() {return new DataSourceProperties();}@Bean@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.dbcp2")public BasicDataSource barDataSource() {DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties = barDataSourceProperties();return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().type(BasicDataSource.class).build();}@Bean@Resourcepublic PlatformTransactionManager barTxManager(DataSource barDataSource) {return new DataSourceTransactionManager(barDataSource);}@Bean@Resourcepublic JdbcTemplate barjdbcTemplate(DataSource barDataSource) {return new JdbcTemplate(barDataSource);}
}
使用@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = “ruoyi”)从配置文件获取参数
package com.example.DoubleDataSource2;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "ruoyi")
public class RuoYiConfig
{public String name;public String version;public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getVersion() {return version;}public void setVersion(String version) {this.version = version;}
}
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
spring.output.ansi.enabled=ALWAYSfoo.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:foo
foo.datasource.username=sa
foo.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.hikari.poolName=hikari-aaaabar.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:bar
bar.datasource.username=Root
bar.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.dbcp2.userName=Rootruoyi.name = Han
ruoyi.version = 1.1.0
增加dbcp2依赖
org.apache.commons commons-dbcp2 RELEASE
Bean简单来讲就是由Spring容器创建并托管的实例。
@Resource是说我这个方法的参数要按照名字来注入其他的Bean。
(1)字节码级别优化(很多方法通过JavaAssist生成)。
(2)大量的小改进。用FastStatementList代替ArrayList,无锁集合ConcurrentBag,代理类的优化(用invokestatic代替了invokervirtual)
Spring Boot 1.x 默认使用Tomcat连接池,因此需要移除tomcat-jdbc依赖,同时引入HikariCP依赖,spring.datasource.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource指定数据源类型
Spring Boot 2.x 默认使用 HikariCP。配置 spring.datasource.hikari.*
查看spring-boot-autoconfigure2.6.7.jar 中 DataSourceConfiguration.class源码
@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
// class Path中有HikariDataSource.class
@ConditionalOnClass({HikariDataSource.class})
// Spring上下文中没有配置DataSource的Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean({DataSource.class})
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = {"spring.datasource.type"},havingValue = "com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource",matchIfMissing = true
)
static class Hikari {Hikari() {}@Bean@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.hikari")HikariDataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {HikariDataSource dataSource = (HikariDataSource)DataSourceConfiguration.createDataSource(properties, HikariDataSource.class);if (StringUtils.hasText(properties.getName())) {dataSource.setPoolName(properties.getName());}return dataSource;}
}
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:tested
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456spring.datasource.hikari.maximum-pool-size=10
spring.datasource.hikari.minimum-idle=10
spring.datasource.hikari.idle-timeout=600000
spring.datasource.hikari.connection-timeout=30000
spring.datasource.hikari.max-lifetime=1800000
数据库连接池应该设多大?
连接数 = ((核心数 * 2) + 有效磁盘数)
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/133996025
利用@ConfigurationProperties将属性的赋值放到配置文件中
https://blog.csdn.net/u014486725/article/details/124090043
https://blog.csdn.net/YooFale/article/details/84869869
详细的监控
ExceptionSorter,针对主流数据库的返回码都有支持
SQL防注入
内置加密配置
众多拓展点,方便进行定制
导入依赖
com.alibaba druid-spring-boot-starter 1.1.10
创建Druid数据源bean
package com.example.DruidDemo;import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;import javax.annotation.Resource;@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {@Bean(name = "druidDataSource")public DruidDataSource druidDataSource() {DruidDataSource dataSource = DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:h2:mem:foo");dataSource.setUsername("Sa");dataSource.setPassword("n/z7PyA5cvcXvs8px8FVmBVpaRyNsvJb3X7YfS38DJrIg25EbZaZGvH4aHcnc97Om0islpCAPc3MqsGvsrxVJw==");dataSource.setInitialSize(5);dataSource.setMaxActive(5);dataSource.setMinIdle(5);return dataSource;}@Bean(name = "jdbcTemplate")@Resourcepublic JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(DruidDataSource druidDataSource) {return new JdbcTemplate(druidDataSource);}
}
package com.example.DruidDemo;import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure.class)
@Slf4j
public class DruidDemoApplication implements CommandLineRunner {@AutowiredDruidDataSource druidDataSource;@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DruidDemoApplication.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {log.info("=========================================");log.info(druidDataSource.getUrl());log.info(druidDataSource.getUsername());log.info(druidDataSource.getPassword());log.info("" +druidDataSource.getInitialSize());log.info("" + druidDataSource.getMaxActive());log.info("" + druidDataSource.getMinIdle());log.info(druidDataSource.toString()); // 没有创建DruidPooledConnection connection = druidDataSource.getConnection();log.info(druidDataSource.toString()); // 第一次使用的时候Druid会自己调用init()}
}
spring-boot-autoconfigure不支持对druid自动配置
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-jdbc // 排除HikariCPHikariCP com.zaxxer
com.alibaba druid-spring-boot-starter 1.1.10
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class DruidDemoApplication implements CommandLineRunner {@AutowiredDataSource dataSource;@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DruidDemoApplication.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {log.info("=========================================");log.info(dataSource.toString());}
}
@Slf4j
public class ConnectionLogFilter extends FilterEventAdapter { // 继承FilterEventAdapter @Override// 连接前打日志public void connection_connectBefore(FilterChain chain, Properties info) {log.info("BEFORE CONNECTION!");}@Override// 连接后打日志public void connection_connectAfter(ConnectionProxy connection) {log.info("AFTER CONNECTION!");}
}
spring.output.ansi.enabled=ALWAYSspring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:foo
spring.datasource.username=sa# 密码加密
spring.datasource.druid.filter.config.enabled=true
// 加密后地密码
spring.datasource.password=n/z7PyA5cvcXvs8px8FVmBVpaRyNsvJb3X7YfS38DJrIg25EbZaZGvH4aHcnc97Om0islpCAPc3MqsGvsrxVJw==
// 解密用的公钥
spring.datasource.druid.connection-properties=config.decrypt=true;config.decrypt.key=${public-key}
// 公钥
public-key=MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBALS8ng1XvgHrdOgm4pxrnUdt3sXtu/E8My9KzX8sXlz+mXRZQCop7NVQLne25pXHtZoDYuMh3bzoGj6v5HvvAQ8CAwEAAQ==# Filter配置
# conn是自己实现地filter, config可以实现密码加解密功能, stat统计功能, 日志通过slf4j输出
spring.datasource.druid.filters=conn,config,stat,slf4j# SQL防注入
spring.datasource.druid.filter.wall.enabled=true
spring.datasource.druid.filter.wall.db-type=h2
spring.datasource.druid.filter.wall.config.delete-allow=false // 不能做删除操作
spring.datasource.druid.filter.wall.config.drop-table-allow=false // 不能做删表操作# 连接池属性
spring.datasource.druid.initial-size=5
spring.datasource.druid.max-active=5
spring.datasource.druid.min-idle=5# 做检查
spring.datasource.druid.test-on-borrow=true
spring.datasource.druid.test-on-return=true
spring.datasource.druid.test-while-idle=true# 配置可执行sql
spring.datasource.druid.filter.slf4j.enabled=true
spring.datasource.druid.filter.slf4j.statementExecutableSqlLogEnable=true
# 把druid.sql的日志级别设置为DEBUG
logging.level.druid.sql=debug
String password = "123456";
String[] arr = ConfigTools.genKeyPair(512); // 获取私钥密钥
LOG.debug("privateKey:" + arr[0]);
LOG.debug("publicKey:" + arr[1]);
LOG.debug("password:" + ConfigTools.encrypt(arr[0], password)); // 用私钥对密码加密
https://vimsky.com/examples/detail/java-class-com.alibaba.druid.filter.config.ConfigTools.html
可靠性
性能
功能(SQL防注入)
可运维性(密码加密)
可拓展性(服务追踪中,执行SQL前打印TraceId和SpanId)
其他
在使用JdbcTemplate的使用实例中,SQL语句中的参数占位符都是?,当参数只有一个的时候,也许我们看不出什么问题,但是,当参数有了多个,很容易搞错参数的赋值顺序。
为了解决这个问题,Spring JDBC提供了NamedParameterJdbcTemplate,使用命名化的参数来替代原先的问号占位符。
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=health,beansspring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:tested
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456spring.datasource.hikari.maximum-pool-size=5
spring.datasource.hikari.minimum-idle=5
spring.datasource.hikari.idleTimeout=600000
spring.datasource.hikari.connectionTimeout=30000
spring.datasource.hikari.maxLifetime=1800000#------初始化内嵌数据库(springboot不配置以下内容,也会自动加载以下配置)-------
spring.datasource.initialization-mode=always
# 指定Schema (DDL)脚本
spring.datasource.schema=classpath:schema.sql
# 指定Data (DML)脚本
spring.datasource.data=classpath:data.sql
# 指定schema要使用的Platform
spring.datasource.platform=h2# 是否启用h2控制台
spring.h2.console.enabled=true
# 配置h2控制台访问地址,http://localhost:8080/h2
spring.h2.console.path=/h2
CREATE TABLE FOO (ID INT IDENTITY, BAR VARCHAR(64));
@Repository
@Slf4j
public class FooDao {@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;/*** 查询操作*/public void queryData() {// 返回一行、一列log.info("==================Count: {}", jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FOO", Long.class));// 返回一行、多列List list = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT BAR FROM FOO", String.class);list.forEach(s -> log.info("==================Bar: {}", s));// 返回多行、多列,结果转换为MapList
@Data
@Builder
public class Foo {private long id;private String bar;
}
@Repository
public class BatchFooDao {@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@Autowiredprivate NamedParameterJdbcTemplate namedParameterJdbcTemplate;public void batchInsert() {ArrayList list1 = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("batch1", "batch2"));jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES (?)",new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {@Overridepublic void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {ps.setString(1, list1.get(i));}@Overridepublic int getBatchSize() {return list1.size();}});List list = new ArrayList<>();list.add(Foo.builder().id(100L).bar("batch3").build());list.add(Foo.builder().id(101L).bar("batch4").build());namedParameterJdbcTemplate.batchUpdate("INSERT INTO FOO (ID, BAR) VALUES (:id, :bar)",SqlParameterSourceUtils.createBatch(list));}
}
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class SingleDataSource1Application implements CommandLineRunner {@Autowiredprivate FooDao fooDao;@Autowiredprivate BatchFooDao batchFooDao;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(SingleDataSource1Application.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {fooDao.insertData();batchFooDao.batchInsert();fooDao.queryData();}
}
Spring提供了一致的事务模型:
不管是使用JBDC、Hibernate还是Mybatis来操作数据,也不管使用的是DataSoure还是JTA的事务。在事务抽象里都能很好的把它统一在一起。
public interface PlatformTransactionManager extends TransactionManager {TransactionStatus getTransaction(@Nullable TransactionDefinition definition) throws TransactionException;void commit(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException;void rollback(TransactionStatus status) throws TransactionException;
}
通过TransactionDefinition可以取得TransactionStatus。
默认是REQUIRED级别。
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class SingleDataSource1Application implements CommandLineRunner {@AutowiredJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@AutowiredPlatformTransactionManager platformTransactionManager;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(SingleDataSource1Application.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {/* 事务定义类 */DefaultTransactionDefinition transactionDefinition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();transactionDefinition.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED);/* 返回事务对象 */TransactionStatus status = platformTransactionManager.getTransaction(transactionDefinition);try {log.info("====================================================");log.info("COUNT BEFORE TRANSACTION: {}", getCount());jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES ('AAAA')");/* BAR1会报错 */jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR1) VALUES ('BBBB')");platformTransactionManager.commit(status);} catch (Exception e) {platformTransactionManager.rollback(status);}log.info("COUNT AFTER TRANSACTION: {}", getCount());log.info("====================================================");}private long getCount() {Long query = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT COUNT(*) AS CNT FROM FOO", Long.class);return query;}
}
public class TransactionTemplate extends DefaultTransactionDefinition implements TransactionOperations, InitializingBean {/** * 有返回值:TransactionCallback* 没有返回值:TransactionCallbackWithoutResult*/public T execute(TransactionCallback action) throws TransactionException {.....}
}
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class SingleDataSource1Application implements CommandLineRunner {@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@Autowiredprivate TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(SingleDataSource1Application.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {log.info("====================================================");log.info("COUNT BEFORE TRANSACTION: {}", getCount());transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {@Overrideprotected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) {try {jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO FOO (ID, BAR) VALUES (1, 'aaa')");log.info("COUNT IN TRANSACTION: {}", getCount());throw new Exception();} catch (Exception e) {transactionStatus.setRollbackOnly();}}});log.info("COUNT AFTER TRANSACTION: {}", getCount());log.info("====================================================");}private long getCount() {Long query = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT COUNT(*) AS CNT FROM FOO", Long.class);return query;}
}
Spring AOP:Java默认的动态代理方式做AOP。封装了AspectJ。
Spring的声明式事务是利用了AOP的Proxy,它在目标方法上做了一个封装。操作开始前启动事务,方法执行结束之后commit或者rollback。
@EnableTransactionManagement注解在Spring Boot工程中可以不用加
proxyTargetClass:false——基于接口的代理(JDK)。true——基于类的代理(CGLIB)。SpringBoot中有很多自动配置的,已经把proxyTargetClass设置为true了。
order:指定事务AOP的拦截的顺序,默认是最低的优先级。
在类上加@Transacational注解,则类里的public方法都会带上事务。而且属性都是用同一个。
需要调用代理类才能执行到被代理增强的那些方法,如果是在方法内部调用的话,因为invokeInsertThenRollback本身是没有事务的,因此调用insertThenRollBack也不会有事务支持。
Spring Bean注入给其他人时,注入的不是A,而是B。所以通过Bean来调用时,调用的是B.xxx(),在A自身内部调用内部方法时,调用的还是A.xxx()
在自动注入的Bean上面加上@Lazy注解,防止循环依赖。
public interface FooService {void insertRecord();void insertThenRollback() throws RollbackException;void invokeInsertThenRollback() throws RollbackException;
}
@Component
public class FooServiceImpl implements FooService {@AutowiredJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@Autowired@LazyFooService fooService;@Override@Transactionalpublic void insertRecord() {jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES ('AAA')"); // 插入一条}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = RollBackException.class)public void insertThenRollBack() throws RollBackException {jdbcTemplate.execute("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES ('BBB')"); // 被回滚throw new RollBackException();}@Overridepublic void invokeInsertThenRollback() throws RollBackException {/* 同级无法创建代理对象. 插入一条 */insertThenRollBack();/* (1)直接调用注入的实例,回滚 */
// fooService.insertThenRollBack();/* (2)获取当前类的代理对象,再调用的代理对象的方法(其实是增强后的方法),回滚 */
// FooService fooService = (FooService) AopContext.currentProxy();
// fooService.insertThenRollBack();}
}
public class RollBackException extends Exception {
}
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class SingleDataSource1Application implements CommandLineRunner {@AutowiredFooService fooService;@AutowiredJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(SingleDataSource1Application.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {fooService.insertRecord();log.info("AAA {}", getCount());try {fooService.insertThenRollBack();} catch (Exception e) {log.info("BBB {}", getCount());}try {fooService.invokeInsertThenRollback();} catch (Exception e) {log.info("BBB {}", getCount());}}private long getCount() {return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("SELECT COUNT(*) AS CNT FROM FOO", Integer.class);}
}
Spring会将数据库操作的异常操作转换为DataAccessException。
无论使用何种数据访问方式,都能使用一样的异常。
(1)通过SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator类解析错误码
(2)在org/springframework/jdbc/support/sql-error-codes.xml定义各个数据库的errorCode。可以自己在classpath下定义sql-error-codes.xml,会覆盖掉官方文件
resources下新增sql-error-codes.xml
42000,42001,42101,42102,42111,42112,42121,42122,42132 23001,23505 22001,22003,22012,22018,22025,23000,23002,23003,23502,23503,23506,23507,23513 90046,90100,90117,90121,90126 50200
package com.example.SingleDataSource1;import org.springframework.dao.DuplicateKeyException;public class CustomDuplicatedKeyException extends DuplicateKeyException {public CustomDuplicatedKeyException(String msg) {super(msg);}public CustomDuplicatedKeyException(String msg, Throwable cause) {super(msg, cause);}
}
package com.example.SingleDataSource1;import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class SingleDataSource1ApplicationTests {@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@Test(expected = CustomDuplicatedKeyException.class)public void testThrowingCustomException() {jdbcTemplate.execute("INSERT INTO FOO (ID, BAR) VALUES (1, 'a')");jdbcTemplate.execute("INSERT INTO FOO (ID, BAR) VALUES (1, 'b')");}}
package com.example.SingleDataSource1;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class SingleDataSource1Application {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(SingleDataSource1Application.class, args);}
}
如果IDEA版本在2020.3以上,不需要安装Lombok插件。
用于在本地启动一些演示用的依赖设施,MongoDB或Redis
/** - 写在启动类上*/
@SpringBootApplication
@ImportResource({"classpath*:applicationContext.xml"})
public class ProductApplication {
}
/** - 创建一个单独的配置类来加载此XML bean定义文件。*/
@Configuration
@ImportResource({"classpath*:applicationContext.xml"})
public class XmlConfiguration {
}
@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan({"com.demo.zhujie1.aaaaa", "com.demo.zhujie1.bbbbb"}) // 加入B2路径,A1、A2路径也需要
@Slf4j
public class Zhujie1Application implements CommandLineRunner {@AutowiredA1 a1;@AutowiredA2 a2;@AutowiredB1 b1;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Zhujie1Application.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) {log.info(a1.getName());log.info(a2.getName());log.info(b1.getName());}
}
(1)默认:
/actuator/health和/actuator/info可Web访问
(2)解禁所有Endpoint:
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
(3)开启/actuator/shutdown:
management.endpoint.shutdown.enabled=true
curl -X POST "http://localhost:8080/actuator/shutdown"
https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1687119939271468578&wfr=spider&for=pc
配置三个数据源(缺点是主从复制有延迟)。
使用中间件:淘宝TDDL,ShardingSphere client版本。
使用缓存:
使用ShardingSphere
Spring的声明式事务本质上是通过AOP增强了类的功能。
Spring的AOP本质上就是为了类做了一个代理,看似在调用自己写的类,实际用的是增强后的代理类。
@Component
@Slf4j
public class FooServiceImpl implements FooService {@AutowiredJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@AutowiredFooService fooService;@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = RollbackException.class, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)public void insertThenRollBack() throws RollbackException {jdbcTemplate.execute("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES ('BBB')");throw new RollbackException();}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = RollbackException.class)public void invokeInsertThenRollback() throws RollbackException {jdbcTemplate.execute("INSERT INTO FOO (BAR) VALUES ('AAA')");try {fooService.insertThenRollBack();} catch (RollbackException e) {}
// throw new RollbackException();}
}
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTransactionManagement(mode = AdviceMode.PROXY) // 启动类上开启事务,默认开启
@Slf4j
public class DeclarativeTransactionDemoApplication implements CommandLineRunner {@AutowiredFooService fooService;@AutowiredJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DeclarativeTransactionDemoApplication.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {try {fooService.invokeInsertThenRollback();} catch (Exception e) {}log.info("AAA: {}", getCount1());log.info("BBB: {}", getCount2());}private long getCount1() {return (long) jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT COUNT(*) AS CNT FROM FOO WHERE BAR = 'AAA'").get(0).get("CNT");}private long getCount2() {return (long) jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT COUNT(*) AS CNT FROM FOO WHERE BAR = 'BBB'").get(0).get("CNT");}
}
@Repository
public class FooService {@AutowiredJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@Transactionalpublic void selectForUpdate() {// 在where 后面查询条件是主键索引,唯一索引时候是行锁。查询条件是普通字段时候加的是表锁jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select id from foo where id = 1 for update", Long.class);try {Thread.sleep(200);} catch (Exception e) {}}
}
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class DruidDemoApplication implements CommandLineRunner {@AutowiredDataSource dataSource;@Autowiredprivate FooService fooService;public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(DruidDemoApplication.class, args);}@Overridepublic void run(String... args) throws Exception {log.info("=========================================");new Thread(() -> fooService.selectForUpdate()).start();new Thread(() -> fooService.selectForUpdate()).start();}
}
spring.output.ansi.enabled=ALWAYSspring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:foo
spring.datasource.username=sa# spring.datasource.druid.filter.stat.enabled=true
spring.datasource.druid.filter.stat.log-slow-sql=true
spring.datasource.druid.filter.stat.slow-sql-millis=100 // 超过100ms抓出来
CREATE TABLE FOO (ID INT IDENTITY, BAR VARCHAR(64));
INSERT INTO FOO (ID, BAR) VALUES (1, 'AAA');
结果:
(1)没有特殊情况,不要在生产环境打开监控的Servlet
(2)removeAbandoned用于移除被遗弃的连接。ORM和JdbcTemplate不会发生连接泄露,不要开启removeAbandoned。
(3)testXxxx的使用需要注意(testOnBorrow和testOnReturn关闭、testWhileIdle开启 连接有一段时间不用会检查)
# 做检查
spring.datasource.druid.test-on-borrow = false
spring.datasource.druid.test-on-return = false
spring.datasource.druid.test-while-idle = true
(4)务必配置合理的超时时间