Hardhat是一个编译、部署、测试和调试以太坊应用的开发环境。

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Hardhat内置了Hardhat网络，这是一个专为开发设计的本地以太坊网络。主要功能有Solidity调试，跟踪调用堆栈、 console.log() 和交易失败时的明确错误信息提示等

​安装

# 创建项目目录
mkdir hardhat-tutorial
cd hardhat-tutorial# 初始化node.js环境
npm init# 安装 hardhat
npm install --save-dev hardhat

npx hardhat

编写合约代码

 编写代码，注意目录，文件名

//SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED
pragma solidity ^0.8.9;contract Computed{uint x;function add(uint y) public view returns(uint){return x + y;}function readd(uint y) public view returns(uint){return add(y);}}

编译

npx hardhat compile

编译成功后

测试

# 安装工具
npm install --save-dev @nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox

 创建测试文件  computed.js，注意文件夹和文件名 

const { expect } = require("chai");describe("Computed contract", function () {it("Deployment Computed compute result", async function () {// ether.js里getSigners 表示账户const [owner] = await ethers.getSigners();// ether.js里getContractFactory 是部署合约的抽象类const Computed = await ethers.getContractFactory("Computed");// 部署合约const hardhatComputed = await Computed.deploy();// 调用合约函数const result = await hardhatComputed.add(2);expect( result == 2  );});
});

#执行测试npx hardhat test

debug

// Computed.sol 里添加pragma solidity ^0.8.9;//添加内容
import "hardhat/console.sol";contract Computed{uint x;function add(uint y) public view returns(uint){// 打印日志console.log("start add",msg.sender,x,y);return x + y;}function readd(uint y) public view returns(uint){return add(y);}
}

执行结果

部署测试网、主网

新建目录，文件 deploy.js

async function main() {const [deployer] = await ethers.getSigners();console.log("Deploying contracts with the account:", deployer.address);console.log("Account balance:", (await deployer.getBalance()).toString());const Token = await ethers.getContractFactory("Computed");const token = await Token.deploy();console.log("Token address:", token.address);}main().then(() => process.exit(0)).catch((error) => {console.error(error);process.exit(1);});

修改 hardhat.config.js

require("@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox");// 到  https://www.alchemyapi.io, 创建dAPP，找到key , 替换 KEY
const ALCHEMY_API_KEY = "KEY";// 替换钱包私钥，记得这是Goerli测试网
// 打开小狐狸 Metamask 钱包
// 打开 Account Details > 导出 Private Key
// 注意: 不要往测试网里转主网（真实账号）的eth
const GOERLI_PRIVATE_KEY = "YOUR GOERLI PRIVATE KEY";module.exports = {solidity: "0.8.9",networks: {goerli: {url: `https://eth-goerli.alchemyapi.io/v2/${ALCHEMY_API_KEY}`,accounts: [GOERLI_PRIVATE_KEY]}}
};

 以下2个可以 Goerli 水龙头可以领取 测试网的eth

• Chainlink faucet
• Alchemy Goerli Faucet

部署： 

npx hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network Goerli

查看Hardhat命令

npx hardhat 

hardhat.config.js 添加

require("@nomicfoundation/hardhat-toolbox");

参考:

3. Creating a new Hardhat project | Ethereum development environment for professionals by Nomic Foundation